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In the dimly lit corridors of existentialist philosophy, most people stop at Sartre, Camus, or Kierkegaard. But for those who wander deeper—into the shadows where pessimism turns biological—they eventually hit a wall named Peter Wessel Zapffe .
Search for Philosophy Now magazine, Issue 54 (March/April 2004). The article is titled "The Last Messiah" by Peter Wessel Zapffe, translated by Gisle Tangenes. zapffe on the tragic pdf
He didn't just argue that life is hard; he argued that . Zapffe’s central thesis, first presented in his 1933 doctoral dissertation On the Tragic , posits that human beings possess a level of self-awareness that nature never intended. We can see ourselves in time (past and future), we can conceptualize our own death, and we can imagine a universe that is utterly indifferent to our suffering. In the dimly lit corridors of existentialist philosophy,